Ma frequency converter amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakampani opanga ma liwiro osinthika popanga mafakitale.Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe osinthika amagetsi a inverter rectifier circuit, katundu wamtundu wa discrete amapangidwa pamagetsi ake osinthira.Makina osinthira pafupipafupi amagwira ntchito nthawi imodzi ndi zida zina monga makompyuta ndi masensa patsamba.Zidazi nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa pafupi ndipo zimatha kukhudzana.Chifukwa chake, zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zomwe zimayimiridwa ndi otembenuza pafupipafupi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pagulu lamagetsi amagetsi, komanso kuipitsidwa kwa harmonic komwe kumapangidwa ndi zida zamagetsi zamagetsi kwakhala chopinga chachikulu pakukula kwaukadaulo wamagetsi pawokha.
1.1 Kodi ma harmonics ndi chiyani
Choyambitsa cha ma harmonics ndikutsegula kwadongosolo.Pamene magetsi akuyenda pa katunduyo, palibe mgwirizano wofanana ndi magetsi ogwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo magetsi ena kupatulapo sine wave amayenda, kutulutsa ma harmonics apamwamba.Ma frequency a Harmonic ndi ma frequency ochulukirapo a ma frequency ofunikira.Malinga ndi kusanthula kwa katswiri wa masamu wa ku France Fourier (M.Fourier), mawonekedwe aliwonse obwerezabwereza amatha kuwola kukhala zigawo za sine wave kuphatikiza ma frequency ndi ma harmonics a mndandanda wa ma frequency angapo ofunikira.Harmonics ndi mawonekedwe a sinusoidal waveform, ndipo mawonekedwe aliwonse a sinusoidal nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma frequency, matalikidwe, ndi mbali yosiyana.Ma Harmonics amatha kugawidwa m'magulu osakanikirana komanso osamvetseka, nambala yachitatu, yachisanu ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri ndi ma harmonics osamvetseka, ndipo yachiwiri, chakhumi ndi chinayi, chachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi chachisanu ndi chitatu ndi ma harmonics.Mwachitsanzo, mafunde ofunikira akakhala 50Hz, yachiwiri yolumikizana ndi 10Hz, ndipo yachitatu ndi 150Hz.Kawirikawiri, ma harmonics osamvetseka ndi owononga kwambiri kuposa ma harmonics.Mu dongosolo la magawo atatu, chifukwa cha symmetry, ngakhale ma harmonics achotsedwa ndipo ma harmonics osamvetseka okha alipo.Pazowonjezera magawo atatu, mphamvu ya harmonic ndi 6n 1 harmonic, monga 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, ndi zina zotero. Kiyi yoyambira yofewa imayambitsa 5 ndi 7 harmonics.
1.2 Miyezo yoyenera yowongolera ma harmonic
Inverter harmonic ulamuliro ayenera kulabadira mfundo zotsatirazi: odana kusokoneza mfundo: EN50082-1, -2, EN61800-3: radiation miyezo: EN5008l-1, -2, EN61800-3.Makamaka IEC10003, IEC1800-3 (EN61800-3), IEC555 (EN60555) ndi IEEE519-1992.
Miyezo yotsutsana ndi kusokoneza EN50081 ndi EN50082 ndi EN61800 (1ECl800-3) yosinthira pafupipafupi imatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa ma radiation ndi anti-interference pazida zomwe zimagwira ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana.Miyezo yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa imatanthawuza milingo yovomerezeka ya radiation pansi pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana ya chilengedwe: mlingo L, palibe malire a radiation.Ndiwoyenera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zoyambira zofewa m'malo achilengedwe osakhudzidwa ndi ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amathetsa ziletso za ma radiation okha.Kalasi H ndiye malire otchulidwa ndi EN61800-3, malo oyamba: kugawa malire, chilengedwe chachiwiri.Monga njira ya fyuluta yawayilesi, yokhala ndi fyuluta yawayilesi imatha kupangitsa kuti choyambira chofewa chikwaniritse mulingo wamalonda, womwe nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osakhala mafakitale.
2 Njira zowongolera za Harmonic
Mavuto a Harmonic amatha kuwongoleredwa, kusokoneza kwa ma radiation ndi kusokoneza kwamagetsi kumatha kuponderezedwa, ndipo njira zaukadaulo monga kutchingira, kudzipatula, kuyika pansi, ndi kusefa zitha kutengedwa.
(1) Ikani fyuluta yokhazikika kapena fyuluta yogwira;
(2) Kwezani thiransifoma, chepetsani mawonekedwe a dera, ndikudula chingwe chamagetsi;
(3) Gwiritsani ntchito choyambira chobiriwira chobiriwira, palibe kuipitsidwa kwapano.
2.1 Kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera zopanda pake kapena zogwira ntchito
Zosefera zopanda pake ndizoyenera kusintha mawonekedwe akusintha kwamagetsi pama frequency apadera, ndipo ndi oyenera machitidwe omwe ali okhazikika komanso osasintha.Zosefera zogwira ntchito ndizoyenera kubweza katundu wadongosolo.
Zosefera zopanda pake ndizoyenera njira zachikhalidwe.Zosefera zopanda pake zidawonekera koyamba chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osavuta komanso omveka bwino, ndalama zotsika mtengo, kudalirika kwa magwiridwe antchito komanso mtengo wotsika.Iwo amakhalabe njira zazikulu zopondereza mafunde a pulsed.Fyuluta ya LC ndi chipangizo chachikhalidwe chokhazikika chokhazikika cha harmonisk.Ndi kuphatikiza koyenera kwa ma capacitor a fyuluta, ma reactors ndi resistors, ndipo amalumikizidwa molumikizana ndi gwero lapamwamba la harmonic.Kuphatikiza pa ntchito yosefera, ilinso ndi ntchito yolipira yosavomerezeka.Zida zoterezi zili ndi zovuta zina zomwe sizingatheke.Chinsinsicho ndi chosavuta kwambiri kuti chilemedwe, ndipo chidzawotcha pamene chadzaza, zomwe zidzachititsa kuti mphamvuyo ipitirire muyezo, malipiro ndi chilango.Kuphatikiza apo, zosefera zopanda pake sizitha kuwongolera, chifukwa chake pakapita nthawi, kusintha kowonjezera kapena kusintha kwamtundu wamaneti kudzasintha ma resonance angapo ndikuchepetsa zosefera.Chofunika kwambiri, fyuluta yoyimitsa imatha kungosefa chigawo chimodzi chapamwamba kwambiri (ngati pali fyuluta, imatha kusefa yachitatu ya harmonic), kotero kuti ngati maulendo osiyanasiyana amtundu wapamwamba amasefedwa, zosefera zosiyanasiyana zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti ziwonjezeke. zida ndalama.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya zosefera zogwira ntchito m'maiko osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi, zomwe zimatha kutsata ndikulipira mafunde amtundu wamitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso ma amplitudes, ndipo mawonekedwe amalipiro sangakhudzidwe ndi mawonekedwe a gridi yamagetsi.Chiphunzitso choyambirira cha zosefera zamagetsi zogwira ntchito zidabadwa m'ma 1960, ndikutsatiridwa ndi kuwongolera kwaukadaulo wamagetsi akulu, apakatikati ndi ang'onoang'ono, owongolera ukadaulo wophatikizika wadera, kuwongolera dongosolo lowongolera ma pulse m'lifupi, ndi ma harmonics potengera nthawi yomweyo liwiro zotakasika katundu chiphunzitso.Lingaliro lomveka bwino la njira yamakono yoyang'anira liwiro lamakono lapangitsa kuti pakhale chitukuko chofulumira cha zosefera zamagetsi zamagetsi.Lingaliro lake lalikulu ndikuwunika momwe ma harmonic apano akuchokera ku chandamale cha chipukuta misozi, ndipo zida zolipirira zimapanga gulu lafupipafupi lamalipiro omwe ali ndi kukula kofanana ndi polarity yosiyana ndi ma harmonic pano, kuti athetse kugunda komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kugunda kwapano. gwero la mzere woyambirira, ndiyeno pangani ma network amphamvu Magawo okhawo ofunikira amaphatikizidwa.Gawo lalikulu ndi jenereta ya mafunde a harmonic ndi makina owongolera okha, ndiye kuti, imagwira ntchito kudzera muukadaulo waukadaulo wa digito womwe umayang'anira ma triode osanjikiza mwachangu.
Pa nthawiyi, pa mbali ya kuwongolera kwapadera kwamakono, zosefera zopanda pake ndi zosefera zogwira ntchito zawonekera mu mawonekedwe a mapulogalamu othandizira komanso osakanikirana, kugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira ubwino wa zosefera zogwira ntchito monga mawonekedwe osavuta komanso omveka bwino, kukonza kosavuta, mtengo wotsika. , ndi ntchito yabwino yamalipiro.Imachotsa zolakwika za voliyumu yayikulu komanso mtengo wokwera wa fyuluta yogwira, ndikuphatikiza ziwirizo kuti pulogalamu yonse yamapulogalamu ipeze magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri.
2.2 Chepetsani kutsekeka kwa lupu ndikudula njira yotumizira
Chomwe chimayambitsa kubadwa kwa ma harmonic ndi chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito katundu wosagwirizana ndi mzere, choncho, njira yothetsera vutoli ndiyo kulekanitsa mizere yamagetsi yamagetsi opangidwa ndi ma harmonic kuchokera ku mizere ya mphamvu ya katundu wa harmonic-sensitive.Kuwonongeka kwaposachedwa komwe kumapangidwa ndi katundu wopanda mzere kumapangitsa kutsika kwamagetsi kosokoneza pachitetezo cha chingwe, ndipo mawonekedwe osokonekera osokonekera amagetsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zina zolumikizidwa ndi mzere womwewo, pomwe mafunde apamwamba a harmonic amayenda.Chifukwa chake, njira zochepetsera kuwonongeka kwapano zitha kusungidwanso ndikuwonjezera gawo la chingwe cha chingwe ndikuchepetsa kutsekeka kwa loop.Pakali pano, njira monga kuonjezera mphamvu ya thiransifoma, kuonjezera gawo lazigawo za zingwe, makamaka kuonjezera gawo lachigawo cha zingwe zopanda ndale, ndi kusankha zigawo zodzitetezera monga zowononga dera ndi fuse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku China.Komabe, njirayi siyingathetseretu ma harmonics, koma imachepetsa magwiridwe antchito ndi chitetezo, imawonjezera ndalama, ndikuwonjezera zoopsa zobisika pamakina amagetsi.Lumikizani katundu wama mzere ndi katundu wopanda mzere kuchokera kumagetsi omwewo
Points of outlet (ma PCC) amayamba kupereka mphamvu kudera lililonse payekhapayekha, kotero kuti voteji yakunja kwa mafelemu kuchokera ku katundu wa discrete sangathe kusamutsidwa ku katundu wamzere.Iyi ndi njira yabwino yothetsera vuto lomwe lilipo pano la harmonic.
2.3 Ikani mphamvu ya emerald green inverter popanda kuipitsidwa kwa harmonic
Muyezo wamtundu wa green inverter ndikuti zolowera ndi zotulutsa mafunde ndi mafunde a sine, mphamvu yolowera imatha kulamuliridwa, mphamvu yamagetsi imatha kukhazikitsidwa 1 pansi pa katundu uliwonse, ndipo ma frequency otulutsa mphamvu amatha kuwongoleredwa mosasamala.Chojambulira cha AC chosinthira ma frequency amatha kupondereza ma harmonics ndikuteteza mlatho wokonzanso kuti usakhudzidwe ndi mafunde apompopompo amagetsi amagetsi.Zochita zikuwonetsa kuti ma harmonic pano opanda riyakitala mwachiwonekere ndi apamwamba kuposa omwe ali ndi riyakitala.Kuti muchepetse kusokoneza komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kwa ma harmonic, fyuluta ya phokoso imayikidwa mu gawo lotulutsa ma frequency converter.Pamene otembenuza pafupipafupi amalola, chonyamulira pafupipafupi chosinthira pafupipafupi chimachepetsedwa.Kuphatikiza apo, mu otembenuza ma frequency amphamvu kwambiri, 12-pulse kapena 18-pulse rectification nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito, potero amachepetsa zomwe zili mu mphamvu yamagetsi pochotsa ma harmonic otsika.Mwachitsanzo, ma pulses 12, ma harmonics otsika kwambiri ndi 11, 13, 23, ndi 25.Mofananamo, kwa 18 pulses imodzi, ma harmonics ochepa ndi 17th ndi 19th harmonics.
Tekinoloje yotsika ya harmonic yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambira zofewa imatha kufotokozedwa mwachidule motere:
(1) Mndandanda wochulukirachulukira wa gawo lamagetsi amagetsi amasankha 2 kapena pafupifupi ma module a 2 olumikizidwa ndi inverter, ndikuchotsa zigawo za harmonic malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ma waveform.
(2) Dera lowongolera limawonjezeka.Zoyambira zofewa zoyambira pulse m'lifupi zimagwiritsa ntchito 121-pulse, 18-pulse kapena 24-pulse rectifiers kuchepetsa kugunda kwa mafunde.
(3) Kugwiritsanso ntchito ma module amphamvu a inverter motsatizana, pogwiritsa ntchito ma 30 single-pulse series inverter power modules ndikugwiritsanso ntchito dera lamagetsi, kugunda kwapano kumatha kuchepetsedwa.
(4) Gwiritsani ntchito njira yatsopano yosinthira ma frequency a DC, monga kusinthasintha kwa diamondi pamagetsi ogwiritsira ntchito magetsi.Pakadali pano, opanga ma inverter ambiri amalumikizana kwambiri ndi vuto la harmonic, ndipo mwaukadaulo amatsimikizira kubiriwira kwa inverter pakupanga, ndikuthetsa vuto la harmonic.
3 Mapeto
Kawirikawiri, tikhoza kumvetsa bwino chifukwa cha ma harmonics.Pankhani ya ntchito yeniyeni, anthu amatha kusankha zosefera zopanda pake ndi zosefera zogwira ntchito kuti achepetse kutsekeka kwa loop, kudula njira yolumikizirana ndi ma harmonic, kupanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito zoyambira zobiriwira popanda kuipitsidwa kwa harmonic, ndikutembenuza zofewa The harmonics zopangidwa ndi zoyambira zimayendetsedwa mkati mwazochepa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-13-2023