Ndi chitukuko chofulumira cha chuma cha dziko lathu, makamaka kukula kwachangu kwa mafakitale a migodi, kusungunula ndi kutaya mpweya m'zaka zaposachedwa, kufunikira kwa magetsi kukuwonjezeka.Pakati pawo, wapakatikati pafupipafupi smelting ng'anjo rectification zida ndi mmodzi wa lalikulu harmonic mphamvu m'badwo zida, koma chifukwa opanga ambiri kuchepetsa mtengo mankhwala ndi musamayike harmonic kupondereza zipangizo luso, panopa anthu gululi mphamvu kwambiri zoipitsidwa ndi harmonics ngati chifunga nyengo .Kuthamanga kwaposachedwa kumachepetsa kukonza, kutumiza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi, kumatenthetsa zida zamagetsi, kumayambitsa kugwedezeka ndi phokoso, kutsekemera kwazaka, kufupikitsa moyo wautumiki, ngakhale kuyambitsa kulephera kapena kuyaka.Ma Harmonics amatha kupangitsa kuti ma resonance am'deralo azilumikizana kapena kumveka kwadongosolo lamagetsi, potero kukulitsa zomwe zili mu harmonic ndikupangitsa kuti ma capacitor awotche ndi zida zina.Ma Harmonics amathanso kuyambitsa kusokoneza kwa ma relay achitetezo ndi zida zodziwikiratu ndikusokoneza muyeso wa mphamvu.Ma Harmonics kunja kwa mphamvu zamagetsi amatha kusokoneza kwambiri zida zoyankhulirana ndi zida zamagetsi.
Ng'anjo yamagetsi yamagetsi yapakati ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu kwambiri zamtundu wa gridi, chifukwa imasinthidwa kukhala ma frequency apakatikati pambuyo pokonzanso.Ma Harmonics adzayika pachiwopsezo chachitetezo cha gridi yamagetsi.Mwachitsanzo, mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi imapangitsa kuti chitsulo chiwonongeke kwambiri mu thiransifoma, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti thiransifomayo itenthe, kuchepetsa kutulutsa kwa thiransifoma, kuonjezera phokoso la thiransifoma, ndikuika pangozi moyo wautumiki wa thiransifoma. .Kumamatira kwa mafunde a harmonic kumachepetsa kusinthasintha kosalekeza kwa woyendetsa ndikuwonjezera kutayika kwa mzere.Vuto la Harmonic limakhudza magwiridwe antchito amagetsi ena pagululi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zolakwika pazida zowongolera zokha ndikutsimikizira muyeso wolakwika.Harmonic voliyumu ndi zamakono zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito a zida zolumikizirana zotumphukira;kusakhalitsa overvoltage ndi zosakhalitsa overvoltage chifukwa harmonics kuwononga kutchinjiriza wosanjikiza wa makina ndi zipangizo, chifukwa cha magawo atatu yochepa-wagawo zolakwika ndi kuwonongeka kwa thiransifoma;voteji ya harmonic ndi Kuchuluka kwa zomwe zikuchitika kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kumveka kwapang'onopang'ono komanso kumveka kofanana mu gululi yamagetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa ngozi zazikulu.Potsatira kusintha kosalekeza, chinthu choyamba kuti mutenge kuchokera ku DC ndi magetsi a square wave, omwe ali ofanana ndi superposition of high-order harmonics.Ngakhale kuti dera lakumapeto liyenera kusefedwa, ma harmonics apamwamba sangathe kusefedwa kwathunthu, ndicho chifukwa cha kubadwa kwa ma harmonics.
Tinapanga zosefera zamtundu umodzi wa 5, 7, 11 ndi 13.Asanalipire zosefera, mphamvu yosungunuka ya ng'anjo yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi 0.91.Chida cholipirira chosefera chikayamba kugwira ntchito, chiwongola dzanja chachikulu ndi 0.98 capacitive.Pambuyo poyendetsa chipangizo cholipirira zosefera, kuchuluka kwa voliyumu kusokoneza (mtengo wa THD) ndi 2.02%.Malinga ndi mphamvu khalidwe muyezo GB/GB/T 14549-1993, voteji harmonic (10KV) mtengo ndi zosakwana 4.0%.Pambuyo posefa ya 5, 7, 11 ndi 13 ya harmonic panopa, kusefa kuli pafupifupi 82∽84%, kufika pamtengo wovomerezeka wa kampani yathu.Zabwino zolipirira zosefera.
Chifukwa chake, tiyenera kusanthula zomwe zimayambitsa ma harmonics ndikuchitapo kanthu poletsa ma harmonics apamwamba, omwe ndi ofunikira kuti awonetsetse kuti machitidwe amagetsi akuyenda bwino komanso achuma.
Choyamba, chifukwa cha harmonics wapakatikati pafupipafupi ng'anjo
1. Ma Harmonics amapangidwa ndi katundu wopanda mzere, monga silicon controlled rectifiers, switching power supply, etc. Mafupipafupi a harmonic omwe amapangidwa ndi katundu uyu ndi chiwerengero chochuluka cha maulendo ogwiritsira ntchito.Mwachitsanzo, gawo lachitatu la magawo asanu ndi limodzi omwe amawongolera makamaka amapanga 5th ndi 7th harmonics, pamene atatu-phase 12-pulse rectifier makamaka amapanga 11th ndi 13th harmonics.
2. Chifukwa cha ma harmonics omwe amapangidwa ndi katundu wa inverter monga ng'anjo zapakati pafupipafupi ndi ma inverters, osati ma harmonics ophatikizika okha omwe amapangidwa, komanso ma harmonics osakanikirana omwe mafupipafupi amakhala kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri ka inverter.Mwachitsanzo, ng'anjo yapakati yapakati yomwe imagwira ntchito pa 820 Hz pogwiritsa ntchito chowongolera chapakati pa 6-pulse rectifier sichimapanga ma harmonics a 5 ndi 7 okha, komanso ma harmonics a 1640 Hz.
Ma Harmonics amakhalapo ndi gululi chifukwa ma jenereta ndi ma transfoma amapanga ma harmonics ochepa.
2. Kuwonongeka kwa ma harmonics mu ng'anjo yapakati pafupipafupi
Pogwiritsa ntchito ng'anjo zapakatikati, ma harmonics ambiri amapangidwa, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa gridi yamagetsi.
1. Ma harmonics apamwamba adzatulutsa mphamvu yamagetsi kapena magetsi.Kugunda kwamphamvu kumatanthawuza kutsika kwakanthawi kochepa (kotsika) kwamagetsi amagetsi, ndiko kuti, kugunda kwamagetsi komwe sikudutsa 1 millisecond.Kugunda kumeneku kumatha kukhala kwabwino kapena koyipa, ndipo kumatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe angapo kapena oscillatory, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chipangizocho chiyaka.
2. Ma Harmonics amachepetsa kutumiza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi ndi zida zamagetsi, kupanga kugwedezeka ndi phokoso, kupanga m'mphepete mwake zaka, kuchepetsa moyo wautumiki, ngakhale kulephera kapena kuwotcha.
3. Zimakhudza zida zolipirira mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi;pakakhala ma harmonics mu gridi yamagetsi, voteji ya capacitor imawonjezeka pambuyo pa kuikidwa kwa capacitor, ndipo panopa kupyolera mu capacitor kumawonjezeka kwambiri, zomwe zimawonjezera kutaya mphamvu kwa capacitor.Ngati kugunda kwapano kuli kwakukulu, capacitor idzakhala yochulukirapo komanso yodzaza, yomwe idzawotcha capacitor ndikufulumizitsa kuphulika kwa zinthu zam'mphepete.
4. Izi zidzachepetsa liwiro ndi moyo wautumiki wa zida zamagetsi ndikuwonjezera kutayika;zimakhudza mwachindunji mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito komanso kuchuluka kwa magwiritsidwe a transformer.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, idzawonjezeranso phokoso la transformer ndikufupikitsa kwambiri moyo wautumiki wa transformer.
5. M'madera omwe ali ndi magwero ambiri a harmonic mu gridi yamagetsi, ngakhale kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa ma capacitors amkati ndi kunja kwamagetsi kunachitika, ndipo ma capacitors mu substation anawotchedwa kapena kugwedezeka.
6. Ma Harmonics amathanso kuyambitsa chitetezo cha relay ndi kulephera kwa zida zokha, zomwe zimapangitsa chisokonezo pakuyeza mphamvu.Izi ndi kunja kwa dongosolo la mphamvu.Harmonics imayambitsa kusokoneza kwakukulu kwa zida zoyankhulirana ndi zida zamagetsi.Choncho, kuwongolera mphamvu ya ng'anjo yapakati pafupipafupi kwakhala cholinga chachikulu cha yankho.
Katatu, wapakatikati pafupipafupi ng'anjo harmonic control njira.
1. Kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu yachidule ya malo olumikizirana ndi anthu a gridi yamagetsi ndikuchepetsa kusokoneza kwadongosolo.
2. Harmonic chipukuta misozi panopa amatenga AC fyuluta ndi yogwira fyuluta.
3. Wonjezerani kuchuluka kwa zida zosinthira kuti muchepetse ma harmonic pano.
4. Pewani kumveka kwa ma capacitors ofanana ndi mapangidwe a dongosolo inductance.
5. Chipangizo chotchinga chapamwamba kwambiri chimalumikizidwa mndandanda pa mzere wothamanga kwambiri wa DC kuti aletse kufalitsa kwa ma harmonics apamwamba.
7. Sankhani njira yabwino yolumikizira thiransifoma.
8. Zidazi zimagawidwa kuti zipereke mphamvu, ndipo chipangizo chosefera chimayikidwa.
Zinayi, zida zowongolera ng'anjo zapakati pafupipafupi
1. Hongyan passiv fyuluta chipangizo.
Chipangizo chosefera cha Hongyan.Chitetezo ndi capacitor series resistor, ndipo fyuluta yopanda kanthu imapangidwa ndi capacitor ndi resistor mndandanda, ndipo kusinthako kumalumikizidwa pamlingo wina.Pamafupipafupi apadera, loop yocheperako imapangidwa, monga 250HZ.Ichi ndi fyuluta yachisanu ya harmonic.Njirayi imatha kulipira ma harmonics ndi mphamvu yogwira ntchito, ndipo ili ndi dongosolo losavuta.Komabe, choyipa chachikulu cha njira iyi ndikuti chipukuta misozi chimakhudzidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa gululi ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito, ndipo n'zosavuta kuti zigwirizane ndi dongosololi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti harmonic amplification, mochulukirachulukira komanso kuwonongeka kwa kristalo wamadzimadzi. fyuluta.Kwa katundu omwe amasiyana kwambiri, n'zosavuta kuyambitsa kuperewera kapena kubweza.Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kubweza ma harmonic okhazikika pafupipafupi, ndipo chipukuta misozi sichabwino.
2. Hongyan yogwira fyuluta zida
Zosefera zogwira ntchito zimayambitsa mafunde amtundu wofanana ndi antiphase.Onetsetsani kuti magetsi kumbali yamagetsi ndi sine wave.Lingaliro lofunikira ndikupanga chipukuta misozi ndi mphamvu yofanana ndi katundu wa harmonic panopa ndikusintha malo, ndikuchotsani chipukuta misozi ndi katundu waharmonic panopa kuti muchotse pulse panopa.Iyi ndi njira yochotsera zinthu za harmonic, ndipo kusefa kumakhala bwino kuposa zosefera zopanda pake.
3. Hongyan Harmonic Mtetezi
The harmonic chitetezo ndi wofanana capacitor mndandanda anachita.Chifukwa chosokonezacho ndichotsika kwambiri, madzi akuyenda apa.Uku ndiye kulekanitsa kwa impedance, kotero kuti mphamvu ya harmonic yomwe imalowetsedwa mu dongosolo imathetsedwa.
Zoteteza za Harmonic nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa kutsogolo kwa zida zosalimba.Ndizinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zowongolera ma harmonic, zomwe zimatha kukana kugunda kwamphamvu, kuyamwa ma 2 ~ 65 nthawi zapamwamba kwambiri, ndikuteteza zida.Kuwongolera kwa Harmonic kwa machitidwe owongolera kuyatsa, makompyuta, ma TV, zida zowongolera liwiro la mota, magetsi osasunthika, zida zamakina a CNC, zowongolera, zida zolondola, ndi njira zowongolera zamagetsi.Ma harmonics onsewa omwe amapangidwa ndi zida zamagetsi zopanda mzere amatha kuyambitsa kulephera mu dongosolo logawira lokha kapena pazida zolumikizidwa ndi dongosolo.Woteteza ma harmonic amatha kuthetsa ma harmonics pa gwero lamagetsi, ndikuchotsa zokha ma harmonics apamwamba, phokoso lapamwamba, phokoso la pulse, surges ndi zosokoneza zina pa zipangizo zamagetsi.Woteteza wa harmonic amatha kuyeretsa magetsi, kuteteza zida zamagetsi ndi zida zolipirira mphamvu, kuteteza woteteza kuti asapunthwe mwangozi, ndikusunga zida zamagetsi zotetezedwa pamalo okwera.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-13-2023